You should find the datasheet for the exact part you have, and see the electrical characteristics. The main thing is the voltage levels for programming (VPP and VCC). For VCC it's normally 5V, but some chips need it higher to program.
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can I used 27512 eprom for goonies on a cnrom board
Yes, but 27512 will have one more address input than a 27256, just be sure to connect that to VCC or GND because it'll go nuts if it's "floating".